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2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit1_5（含解析）（打包5套）新人教版必修1
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit1Friendship含解析新人教版必修120181010348.doc
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit2Englisharoundtheworld含解析新人教版必修120181010343.doc
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit3Traveljournal含解析新人教版必修120181010330.doc
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Earthquakes含解析新人教版必修120181010326.doc
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit5NelsonMandel_amodernhero含解析新人教版必修120181010316.doc
　　Unit 1 Friendship
　　一、阅读理解。
　　If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
　　Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serious injuries.
　　Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”
　　The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.
　　1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“___________”.
　　A. hard B. regular
　　C. practical D. flexible
　　2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ___________.
　　A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports
　　C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process
　　3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？
　　A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out.
　　C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy.
　　4.What can be inferred from the text?
　　A. No exercise at all is the best choice.
　　B. More exercise means a healthier life.
　　C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.
　　D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.
　　【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。
　　1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。
　　3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应选A。
　　4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。
　　二、单句语法填空
　　1．It was when I got back to my apartment ________I first came across my new neighbors.
　　答案：that　本句是强调句。被强调部分是时间状语，故应填that。
　　2．Lily can't fall asleep, extremely ________ (concern) about the result of her maths test.
　　答案：concerned　短语be concerned about ... “担忧，挂念……”，本句中逗号后没有连词，故逗号后的部分为状语，此处应用形容词短语作伴随状语。
　　Unit 2 English around the world
　　一、阅读理解。
　　(2018•惠州高三调研)Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.
　　Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That’s true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at  the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.
　　So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens’ closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be siclts. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.
　　Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”
　　【解题导语】　研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。
　　1．Where can you probably read this passage?
　　A．Science fiction.　 　 B．Health column.
　　C．Fashion magazine. D．Entertainment newspaper.
　　B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”。故B项正确。
　　2．We can learn from Allen’s study that    ．
　　A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships
　　B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health
　　Unit 3 Travel journal
　　一、阅读理解。
　　Illegally traded endangered species that escape, forming secondary populations, offer hope to their long-term survival, a study suggests. "This first came to my attention when I read a news story about the seizure of an illegal shipment of 23 yellow crested cockatoos(小葵花凤头鹦鹉)," said Luke Gibson, a college teacher. He learned that the species was critically endangered, which surprised him.
　　This encouraged Dr. Gibson and his colleague to investigate(调查)how a critically endangered species had become self-sustaining outside of its natural range. They discovered 49 cases of a globally threatened species becoming established as a separate population, which they hadn’t thought of, including the yellow-crested cockatoo in their city.
　　"This is a species which is primarily threatened by wildlife trade," he told BBC News. "Poachers(偷猎者)go out into the forest in its native range in eastern Indonesia and capture the bird and then ship them off, usually up to our city where there is a strong demand for pet birds. This is what has fueled the decline of this species in its native range. But it's really interesting because that same cause also had another effect: some of the people who were keeping this species here accidentally or intentionally released them.” As a result of enough of the birds set free, it allowed a new self-sustaining population to be established in this city.
　　The government in of Dr. Gibson’s city has made it illegal to capture the species, even though it is a non-native species. Because the city is affluent and relatively well educated, the cases of people breaking the law are extremely rare, explained Dr Gibson, unlike in its native range in Indonesia, where capturing birds forms a major source of income.
　　However, there can be downsides(缺点) to the newly established population of endangered species, such as a limited genetic pool, and suffering from novel diseases. It did also present a possible “very interesting” opportunity for conservationists, Dr. Gibson suggested. This would involve "harvesting" some of the newly established secondary population, which may provide a way to help slow global biodiversity loss.
　　1.What was beyond Gibson’s expectations according to the first paragraph?
　　A. The high rate of wildlife trade.
　　B. The preciousness of the birds.
　　C. The fact that the birds nearly disappear.
　　D. The news that the birds were poached.
　　2.What happened unexpectedly when the birds were shipped abroad?
　　A. They formed a separate population.
　　B. They were kept as pet birds.
　　C. They were traded illegally.
　　D. They were killed for research.
　　3.Which can replace the underlined word “affluent”?
　　A. Peace-loving. B. Rich.
　　C. Free. D. Environment –friendly.
　　4.For what purpose did the author write the passage?
　　A. To appeal to everyone to stop the wildlife trade.
　　B. To explain the challenge the wild birds are facing.
　　C. To introduce a creative approach to wildlife conservation.
　　D. To raise people’s awareness of protecting endangered species.
　　【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是一项研究表明逃跑的非法交易的濒危物种形成了次级群体，为它们的长期生存提供了希望，也呈现了野生生物保护的一种可能的方法。
　　1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话 He learned that the species was critically