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2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1_5达标巩固练（含解析）（打包5套）新人教版必修1
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Friendship达标巩固练含解析新人教版必修1201809184143.doc
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Englisharoundtheworld达标巩固练含解析新人教版必修1201809184138.doc
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Traveljournal达标巩固练含解析新人教版必修1201809184125.doc
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes达标巩固练含解析新人教版必修1201809184121.doc
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit5NelsonMandel_amodernhero达标巩固练含解析新人教版必修1201809184111.doc
　　Unit 1 Friendship
　　***阅读理解
　　Pollution's serious effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years.Most scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.
　　As we know，the construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution.So green buildings are in great need.
　　The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity(生物多样性)，improved air and water quality，less waste flowing into streams and the protection of natural resources.Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality，improving the health of people who live there.
　　The process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind.Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw.In addition，recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings，reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distances.
　　Careful site selection is important to minimize(使减少到最低限度)human effects on the surrounding environment.For example，placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风)and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses.More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well，so it is important to build the small ones.
　　Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs.These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants，which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low，prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.
　　Other features of green buildings often include energy and water protection，recycling and waste reduction.In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power，waterpower and wind power are used for heat and electricity，which greatly reduces costs and decreases the influence on the environment.
　　1．What can we know about green buildings?
　　A．Producing no waste.
　　B．Only using clean energy.
　　C．Being made of new materials.
　　D．Being environment-friendly.
　　2．What is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph?
　　A．Large.  B．Small.
　　C．Green.  D．Low.
　　3．What is the purpose of using green roofs?
　　A．To fit the environment.
　　B．To keep warm.
　　C．To collect nature water.
　　D．To reduce costs.
　　4．What is the text mainly about?
　　A．Promoting energy efficiency.
　　B．Environmental benefits.
　　C．Green buildings.
　　D．Ecosystems and biodiversity.
　　【解题导语】本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。
　　【难句分析】For example，placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风)and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses.
　　分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词an area。
　　译文：例如，把一个建筑物放在一个使它可以利用凉爽的微风和阳光的地方，这样可以减少能源使用和费用。
　　1．D　考查推理判断。根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选D。A项错在不产生垃圾，这是不科学，也是不现实的，尤其是在建筑业；B项错在只使用清洁能源，文章中提到绿色建筑利用清洁能源，但没有说只用清洁能源；C项错在绿色建筑是用新材料建造的，文章中只是提到了利用竹子等自然材料，故排除。
　　2．B　考查细节理解。根据第五段最后一句“More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well，so it is important to build the small ones”可推知，绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选B。
　　3．D　考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本，故选D。
　　4．C　考查主旨大意。根据文章的关键词“green buildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选C。A项错在提高能源效率，这只是绿色建筑的一个好处；B项错在环境受益，这也是绿色建筑的一个好处；D项错在生态系统和生物多样性，这只是在文章中有所提及而已，并非文章主旨，故排除。
　　Unit 2 English around the world
　　***阅读理解
　　One time a young man，who hoped to study law，wrote to Lincoln for advice，and Lincoln replied，“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself，the thing is more than half done already...Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other one thing.”
　　Lincoln knew.He had gone through it all.He had never，in his entire life，had more than a total of one year's schooling.And books？Lincoln once said he had walked to borrow every book within fifty miles of his home.A fire was usually kept going all night in the small house and he read by the light of it.
　　He walked twenty or thirty miles to hear a speaker and, returning home，he practiced his talks everywhere—in the fields，in the woods，before the crowds.He joined several societies and practiced speaking on the topics of the day.
　　A lack of confidence always troubled him.In the presence of women he was shy and dumb.Even when he was in love with Mary Todd，he used to sit there，nervous and silent，unable to find words，listening while she did the talking.Yet that was the man who，by practice and home study，made himself into the speaker who debated with the famous speaglas！That was the man who，in the Gettysburg Address，rose to the heights of eloquence(雄辩)that have seldom been achieved in all of human history.
　　Small wonder that，speaking of his own great barriers and painful struggle，he wrote，“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself，the thing is more than half done already.”
　　1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
　　A．Earning a fortune.　　　B．Making a living.
　　C．Asking for advice.  D．Becoming a lawyer.
　　2．What is the key point of the fourth paragraph?
　　A．Lincoln's courage.
　　B．Lincoln's position.
　　C．Lincoln's progress.
　　D．Lincoln's eloquence.
　　3．What is the most vital spirit reflected in Lincoln's story above?
　　A．Believing in oneself.
　　B．Keeping on practicing hard.
　　C．Overcoming difficulties.
　　D．Sticking to one's determination.
　　【解题导语】本文主要通过讲述林肯的励志故事启迪读者：无论做什么，只要坚定决心，那就成功了一半以上。
　　【难句分析】That was the man who，in the Gettysburg Address，rose to the heights of eloquence(雄辩)that have seldom been achieved in all of human history.
　　分析：本句是一个复合句。第二个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the heights of eloquence。
　　译文：也就是这个人，在葛底斯堡演说中，达到了雄辩的极高水平，这样的水平在整个人类历史上都很少有人达到。
　　1．D　考查代词指代。根据第一段中林肯的话“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already”，并结合年轻人就学法律来咨询林肯这一内容可推知，林肯之前有做律师的经历，并且他为成为律师付出了很大的努力。
　　2．C　考查段落大意。根据第四段的内容可知，林肯从一个缺乏自信、异常害羞的人到最终成为整个人类历史上少有的雄辩的演说家。第四段主要叙述了这样的巨大变化，即林肯的进步，故选C。
　　3．D　考查推理判断。根据第一段和最后一段的呼应，以及这两段中的关键词“resolutely determined”可推知，林肯的故事所反映出的最重要的精神是坚持自己的决心，故选D。
　　***语法填空
　　There's no such thing __1__ living alone. Never mind if you're the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion __2__ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are __3__ (actual) helpful and some could even . They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, they're on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact __4__ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. It's something you __5__ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone else's glass. There are lots of bacteria __6__ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria __7__ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning __8__ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as complex as the ones __9__ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and __10__ do you.
　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　
　　Unit 3 Travel journal
　　***阅读理解
　　Have you ever been given something you don't like or that doesn't fit，but you don't want to hurt the feelings of the person who thint you？You're not alone.Everyone has received an unwanted gift at least once in his or her life.That doesn't mean the item is bad or useless.It simply means that it doesn't work for you.
　　If you find yourself with something nice but that doesn't fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it.Before you do that，mare you understand the manners of this practice that is more and more common as people find it difficult to make ends meet to a great extent.
　　There are specific things you should do to an item.Failure to do any of them may create an awkward situation.You never have to lie about what you are doing，but you don't want to be in the position of having to explain anything.For example，remove the original wrapping paper and rewrap it in your own way；mare the box is in good condition so the item doesn't appear used；check the item and mare there are no cards or names on the packaging；inspect the item and mare it is in excellent condition.
　　When you get ready for regifting，consider having a white_elephant gift exchange for your next celebration.This removes all the embarrassment of being caught regifting because that's the whole purpose of the event.In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list.
　　1．Why does the author begin the passage with a question?
　　A．To share a hot phenomenon.
　　B．To introduce the following part.
　　C．To ask for readers' answers.
　　D．To point out a common opinion.
　　2．What most contributes to the growing regifting?
　　A．People's lack of money.
　　B．People's dislike of the gifts.
　　C．People's reduced desire for gifts.
　　D．People's understanding of its manners.
　　3．What's mainly talt in Paragraph 3?
　　A．What to do before regifting.
　　B．How to mase of unwanted gifts.
　　C．What kind of gifts to be regifted.
　　D．Why regifting can cause embarrassment.
　　4．What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?
　　A．Suitable but valueless.
　　B．Expensive and useful.
　　C．Packaged and invaluable.
　　D．Nice but unsuitable.
　　【解题导语】本篇文章是说明文，讲述怎样转送不喜欢或者不太适合自己的礼物。
　　【难句分析】In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list.
　　分析：这是一个复杂的简单句。In order to prevent hurting feelings是目的状语；过去分词短语given by the people on that list作anything的后置定语；provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything是由and连接的两个并列祈使句。
　　译文：为了防止伤害感情，(你)可以向每位客人提供一张宾客名单，且要求他们不要带任何名单上的人已经送过的礼物。
　　1．B　考查推理判断。第一段点出了文章主旨，首句采用设问句是为了引出全文的话题“Everyone has received an unwanted gift...It simply means that it doesn't work for you”，从而引出下文，所以选B。
　　2．A　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“this practice that is more and more common as people find it difficult to make ends meet to a great extent”可知，转送礼物变得越来越常见是因为人们发现在很大程度上实现收支平衡很难，故选项A“人们缺钱”正确。
　　3．A　考查段落大意。通读第三段可知，该段首句为段落中心句，指出对于一件将被转送的礼物你有几件具体事情要做，故选项A“在转送礼物之前该做什么”与中心句意思最接近，所以选A。B项意为“怎么充分利用不想要的礼物”；C项意为“什么类型的礼物可以转送”；D项意为“为什么转送礼物可能引起尴尬”。这三个选项与该段主题不符，故排除。
　　4．D　考查词义猜测。根据第二段首句“If you find yourself with something nice but that doesn't fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it”并结合第三段内容可知，要转送的礼物应是很好的但不适合自己的，所以D选项正确。white elephant意为“昂贵而无用之物”。
　　***语法填空
　　Over the years, I have met some interesting people. Two of __1__ most interesting