2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：模块三
2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U1.doc
2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U2.doc
2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U3.doc
　　2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U1
　　一、阅读理解。
　　On Christmas Eve, 1944, my grandmother urged my uncle, then 12 years old, to slip out of the concentration camp where they were imprisoned near 15 miles east of Vienna to go to Deutsch-Wagram. “People are charitable around Christmastime,” Grandma Lili said to her son, Gyuri. “Ask for some food. Anything they can spare. Tell them that we’re on the edge of starvation. Tell them that your 3-year-old sister can not get off the bed because she’s outgrown her shoes.”
　　In the dark of that night, Gyuri secretly left the camp and walked nearly four miles to Deutsch-Wagram, the closest town. He happened upon a house and knocked on the front door. A woman opened that door. She was probably alone, her man far away, fighting in the war, her children asleep in their beds. The 12-year-old pieced together in German exactly what his mother had told him to say.
　　“Come back tomorrow," whispered the woman. The next day, my uncle returned. The woman opened the door with a smile. She piled his hands with bread, clothing, a pair of shoes that her child had outgrown and a pair of socks. The woman had knitted warm socks for my mother. After putting on the socks and shoes that fit, my mother got off the bed in delight. Her ragged shoes were passed on to a younger child who was also living in the camp. They shared their unexpected harvest with the entire camp. It was a quiet celebration of human kindness around Christmastime.
　　In April 1945, my mother, uncle and grandmother were liberated. And it was those very socks and shoes that my mother wore as she walked some 28 miles over two days to Bratislava on her walk to a new life.
　　To the unknown giver, I than. In the desperation of a cold and snowy land, when many hearts were closed and death was more likely than life, especially for Jews, you gave them hope and comfort.
　　1.What did Gyuri manage to do on Christmas Eve?
　　A. Get permitted to go out. B. Receive food and clothing.
　　C. Express what his family needed. D. Celebrate Christmas in the camp
　　2.Why does the author mention shoes so many times?
　　A. To prove the truth of the story.
　　B. To help the development of the story.
　　C. To attract readers’ attention to the story.
　　D. To make clear the bacnd of the story.
　　3.What feeling did the author write the text with?
　　A. Desperation B. Gratefulness.
　　C. Excitement D. Sorrow.
　　4.What is the passage mainly about?
　　A. Light in darkness B. Peace to common people
　　C. Courage in face of danger D. The influence of Christmas
　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了1944年圣诞前夕，奶奶一家在集中营里日子艰难，迫不得已12岁的叔叔秘密走出集中营去附近的村庄求助，一位善2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U2
　　一、阅读理解
　　If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news---if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.
　　John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.
　　Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.
　　The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.
　　The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cell’s energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”
　　Price said, “ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you don’t throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”
　　“Food,” he said, “isn’t just material to be burned---it’s a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”
　　1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?
　　A. They can keep healthy easily
　　B. They need more energy to be active
　　C. They can loonger than they are
　　D. They will live a longer life limans
　　2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?
　　A. They will completely break down
　　B. They make proteins in the cells slowly
　　C. They will produce high quality proteins more
　　D. They may need more time to repair themselves
　　3.Price explained the ribosomes’ role of repairing themselves by _________.
　　A. telling a story B. listing basic data
　　C. making comparisons D. experimenting on mice
　　4.What does the text mainly deal with?
　　A. Food decides how long you live
　　B. Can you slow down your aging process?
　　C. Eating less may help you live longer
　　D. Should your diet be reduced for your health?
　　【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究实验发现：吃的少会使你长寿。
　　1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他们能够很容易保2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U3
　　一、阅读理解
　　Everyone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages — clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be saved. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breap” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
　　Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling the organism, combined with narcotic (麻醉) sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
　　To show how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began taking blood out from an artery (动脉). The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous (自发的) breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin (青霉素) injection, Keta seized the syringe (注射器)and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
　　1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death _________.
　　A. he is still very much alive
　　B. he cannot avoid final death
　　C. his most important organs are damaged forever
　　D. he still has the possibility of getting back to life
　　2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to _________.
　　A. cool the organism
　　B. delay the coming of biological death
　　C. slow down the body’s metabolism
　　D. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life
　　3.The text mainly talt _________.
　　A. clinical death and biological death B.an experiment on a monkey
　　C. the meaning of death D. the process before death
　　4.From the underlined sentence in the last paragraph we can know that _________.
　　A. Keta was impolite B. Keta was healthy
　　C. Keta was ill D. Keta was crazy
　　【文章大意】本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来，科学家尽量延长临床死亡的时间。
　　1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“Clinical death occurs when the vital orga