(江苏专用)2012届高三英语一轮复习精品学案:语法部分第9讲状语从句
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【牛津译林版】(江苏专用)
2012届高三英语一轮复习精品学案:语法部分第9讲状语从句
(要点透析)
状语从句
状语从句是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语,表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的等等。状语从句是历年高考题的重点、难点。命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况,根据两个句子的意思,判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系,选择合适的连词。常见的状语从句有九大类。
一、时间状语从句
1.when, as与while表示时间
when既可表示“一段时间”(与持续性动词连用),又可表示“时间点”(与瞬间动词连用);when可作并列连词,意为“这(那)时”。while只表示“一段时间”,只与持续性动词连用,while可表示对比转折,有“然而”之意。
as用法同when相似,但侧重主句和从句动作发生的同时性,可译作“随着”,“一边……一边……”。
I fell asleep when/as/while he was doing his exercises.
When/As he arrived in Shanghai, she met him at the station.
I was about to go out when it began to rain.
I like tea while she likes coffee.
As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.
2. before 引导的从句中谓语动词不可用否定式,意为“在……之前;还没来得及;……(之后)才……”
I had felt hungry before I arrived home.
我还没到家就觉得饿了。(在到家之前觉得饿)
She left the office before I could say sorry to her.
我还没来得及向她道歉,她就离开了办公室。(在我能够说抱歉之前,她就离开了办公室)
It was a long time before I got to sleep again.
很长时间以后我才又睡着了。
3. since 从句中的动词不同,起算的时间也不同。since+瞬间动词的过去式,从该动作发生时算起;since+持续性动词的过去式,从该动作结束时算起。
He had worked hard since entered the factory.(enter为瞬间动词,从他入厂以来)
We haven't seen each other since I worked in the factory.(work为持续性动词,从我不在工厂以来……)
4.till/until 用于肯定句时,须和持续性动词连用,表示“直到……为止”,用于否定句时和瞬间动词连用,表示“直到……才”。till 与until句型在多数情况下可通用。但在句首时不可用till;在It is/was not until…that … 强调句型中及not until放句首时,一般不可用till。
I worked till/until he came back.
He didn't go to bed until/till eleven o'clock.
It was not until I came back that he went to bed.
Not until then did I realize the importance of learning English.
5.as soon as/ immediately/ the moment/the minute/ the second 表示“一……就……”
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