2017届高考英语二轮专题复习名词性从句导学案
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约9770字。
高考名词性从句的用法
一.定义
名词由一个句子来充当,那么这个句子就是名语性从句。
二.分类
根据在句子中所充当的句子成分,名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
三.用法
⒈主语从句的用法
㈠that引导的主语从句
that为从属连词,引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,此时that不充当任何成分,无词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略,表示确定的陈述,位于从句句首。
eg: That he will succeed is certain.=It is certain that he will succeed.
常用it作形式主语的句型有:
⑴It+be+形容词(possible/likely/obvious/necessary/important/natural/wonderful/surprising,etc)+that从句。
eg:It's obvious that you've made a mistake.
⑵It+be+过去分词(said/reported/thought/expected/decided/announced/arranged,etc)+that从句。
eg:It's said that these monkeys are from Sichuan.
⑶It+seem/happen/turn out/occur to/matter等不及物动词及其短语+that从句。
eg:It seems that he has set off early.(=He seems to have set off early.)
⑷It+be+名词词组(no wonder/no surprise/an honor/a pity/a shame/a good thing,etc)+that从句。
eg:It's no wonder that he has got such a good mark.
㈡whether引导的主语从句
whether为从属连词,不充当任何成分,有词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略,表示不确定的陈述,位于从句句首。
eg: It hasn’t been decided whether we will go to a picnic tomorrow.
㈢疑问词或连接词引导的主语从句
疑问词或连接词为代词或副词,充当成分,有词义,一般不省略,表示疑问或陈述,位于从句句首。
eg:when she will come here isn’t known.=It isn’t known when she will come.
注:当主句是疑问句时,从句必须在句末。
eg:Is it a question whether she can buy a suitable skirt?
⒉宾语从句的用法
㈠that引导的宾语从句
that为从属连词,引导宾语从句时,不充当任何成分,无词义,只起引导作用,常可省略,表示确定的陈述,位于从句句首。
eg:I think(that) you are right.
㈡whether/if引导的宾语从句
whether/if为从属连词,不充当任何成分,有词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略,表示不确定的陈述,位于从句句首。
eg:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
注:whether与if意为“是否”时,引导从句时的区别
⑴与or或or not连用时,只能用whether。
eg:Let me know whether you can come or not.
⑵与不定式连用时,只能用whether。
eg:I couldn't decide whether to go tomorrow.
⑶作介词宾语时,只能用whether。
eg:It all depends on whether he will study hard.
⑷引导主语从句时、表语从句、同位语从句时,只能用whether。
eg:①Whether he can finish this task on time is very important.
②The question is whether they will agree with it.
③There is a doubt whether he is fit for the job.
⑸作discuss,doubt,leave,put等动词的宾语时,只能用whether。
eg:They're discussing whether they should accept his invitation.
注:whether从句中不能有否定形式。
㈢疑问词或连接词引导的宾语从句
疑问词或连接词为代词或副词,充当成分,有词义,一般不省略,表示疑问或陈述,位于从句句首。
eg: I wonder why they came here late again.
注:⑴名词性从句中主从句4关系
⒈时态关系:主过去,从过去;主现在,从所需。但客观事实、科学真理、原理、公理、定理、规则、法则、谚语、自然现象和生活常识等不受此