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　　Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary
　　Ⅰ. 阅读理解
　　A
　　Brazil has become one of the developing world’s greatest successes in reducing population growth—but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had a better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.
　　Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2. 99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1. 93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other third world countries.
　　Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas(通俗电视剧)and installment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Colobo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
　　“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction(生育), they describe middle and upper class values—not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, ”says Martine. “They sent this message to all parts of Brazil and made people realize other patterns of family life and other values, which were put into a very attractive package. ”
　　Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to a change in consumption(消费)patterns and consumption did not get along well with unlimited reproduction, ”says Martine.
　　【语篇概述】本文主要描述了巴西偶然降低了人口增长的经过。
　　1. The underlined phrase “puts it down to” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to　　　.
　　A. considers the cause of it to be
　　B. finds it a reason for
　　C. looks it on as
　　D. compares it to
　　【解析】选A。词义猜测题。put sth. down to归结……的原因是……。由第二、三段的关系可以推出答案选A。
　　2. Soap operas have helped lower Brazil’s birth rate because　　　.
　　A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
　　B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life
　　Module 2　Introduction &Reading and Vocabulary
　　Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
　　1. We ____________ (测量)the room and found it was 20 feet long and 15 feet wide.
　　2. Thousands of people are dying from ____________ (饥饿)every day.
　　3. I need a high ____________ (收入)to support such a large family.
　　4. Twenty percent of the population now live below the ____________ (贫穷)line.
　　5. His score is now well into double ____________ (数字).
　　6. That was the beginning of the life of us ____________ (人类).
　　7. One of her ____________ (目标)is to get a gold prize in the Olympic Games.
　　8. The table used to be in this ____________ (位置).
　　9. With the ____________ (发展)of international exchanges between China and the world, Chinese becomes more and more popular.
　　10. The girl ____________ (教育)at a very famous school.
　　答案：1. measured 2. hunger   3. income   4. poverty
　　5. figures 6. humans 7. goals 8. position
　　9. development 10. was educated
　　Ⅱ. 完成句子
　　1. In Chinese language teaching, teachers should ____________________ create good atmosphere for students to learn.
　　在语文课堂教学中, 教师要努力为学生创设良好的学习环境。
　　2. She had a beautiful view ____________ the mountain.
　　在山顶上她欣赏到了美丽的景色。
　　3. On the floor ________________________ , magazines and newspapers.
　　地板上放着一堆堆旧的书、杂志和报纸。
　　4. A woman got on the bus,  ____________ .
　　一位抱着宠物的妇女上了公共汽车。
　　5. They have ____________ in this field, but there’s so much more to do.
　　他们在这个领域已经取得进展, 但是还有更多的事情要做。
　　6. “Since then, the number ____________ 5% to 10%, ”she said. 她说: “自那以来, 这个数字增长了5%到10%。”
　　7. Mare that you ____________ at five.
　　你一定要在5点来接我。
　　8. I think she will ____________ my proposal.
　　我认为她会同意我的建议的。
　　9. Men usually work more outside the home, ______________ women take on more of the housework.
　　男性通常多是在外工作, 而女性则承担更多的家务。
　　10. He ____________ who the murderer was before the end of the book. 他没读完这本书就已经知道谁是凶手了。
　　答案：1. make efforts to     2. at the top of
　　3. were piles of old books    4. with a pet in her arms
　　5. made progress    6. has increased by
　　7. picp   8. agree to   9. while   10. figured out
　　Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary
　　课堂10分钟达标
　　The United Nations Human Development Program has announced its yearly study on the quality of life for people around the world. The UN report was started in nineteen ninety to measure the progress of nations based on the lives of their citizens.
　　This year’s report lists one hundred and seventy-three countries. It is based on the length of time citizens are expected to live, their education level and the amount of money they earn. Norway was listed as the country providing the best quality of life for the second year. It was followed by Sweden, Canada, Belgium, Australia and the United States. The twenty-four countries at the bottom of the list are all in Africa.
　　The report says many countries in East Asia have made progress since nineteen ninety. They include China, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Malaysia.
　　In Latin America and the Caribbean, as many as nine countries have improved since nineteen ninety. They include Chile, Costa Rica and Panama. At the same time, many countries in Eastern and Central Europe and the former Soviet Union lost progress in the quality of life for their citizens. This was because of problems with economic reforms. They include Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Tajikistan.
　　This year’s human development report centred on the issue of democracy(民主). Researchers found that a majority of people live in countries claiming to be democratic. However, civil rights and political freedoms were limited in one hundred and six nations. Also, the number of voters taking part in elections is decreasing. In addition, cheating, wrongdoing and unfair politics have weakened the democratic process. In some countries, elected governments have not carried out democratic reforms. This has ledto public opposition to the government and a return to military rule.
　　UN officials say that democratic changes are slow in some countries. However, the report shows that international development goals set at the start of the twenty-first century can be met. For this to happen, they say developing countries need to move quicker toward economic, social and political reforms. And they say rich countries must become more open to trade while increasing aid and other resources.
　　【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了年度人类发展报告的内容, 目的主要是让人们了解年度人类发展报告。
　　Ⅰ. Skim the passage and tell the main idea of the passage. (no more than 10 words)
　　The writer writes this passage mainly to _________________________________.
　　答案：inform people of this year’s human development report
　　Ⅱ. Choose the best answers.
　　1. The United Nations Human Development Program is done　　　.
　　A. every year　　　　　　　　　 B. every four years
　　C. every two years D. every ten years
　　【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第一句“its yearly study”可知选A。
　　2. Which of the following countries lost progress according to this year’