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约29620字，有答案解析。

　　2018-2019学年湖北省荆州中学高一上学期第一次月考
　　英 语
　　注意事项：
　　1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
　　2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
　　3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
　　4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
　　第I卷（选择题）
　　一、阅读理解
　　I’ll be the first to admit that I am a technophobe(对技术有恐惧感的人). Who would have guessed that a website would help repay a 20-year-old loan?
　　I’ll always remember my last day at school. My best friend, Jenny, had organized a party in the Sixth Form Common Room.
　　Jenny asked me to go to the supermarket with her to buy all the snacks. “I'm really looking forward to this party, Stingy," she said. Everyone called me Stingy instead of Debbie because they thought I didn’t like to spend money. Actually, it was true.
　　“There’s lots of money in the kitty. Let’s go crazy!” Going crazy meant buying enough snacks to feed an army. It came to ￡19.90, which was a lot of money in 1982.
　　Jenny gave me a guilty(内疚的) look. “I've left-the kitty money in the common room. Can you pay and I’ll give you back the money?”
　　“Sure,” I replied, trying to look relaxed. “Neither a lender or a borrower be” was my motto(座右铭) but I didn’t want to look stingy. I gave ￡20 to the impatient shop assistant.
　　Well, the Party was a great success. So great that I completely forgot about my loan until I was flying to America the next day.  I was going to live with my uncle’s family until I started university.
　　I tried to get in touch with Jenny but her family had moved. My ￡20 was lost. Until...
　　I’d heard about a website called Friends Reunited which helped people contact old school friends.  My husband helped me log on and find my school. There she was, Jenny Frost.
　　I’m now married with a beautiful daughter called Debbie. Does anyone know how to get in touch with Debbie “Stingy” Jones? I still owe her ￡20!
　　We met two months later and the ￡20 was returned, plus interest(利息) of course. After all, I’m a bank manager now, so loans are my business.
　　1．Everyone called the author Stingy because they thought                   .
　　A． she was poor
　　B． she was mean
　　C． she was lovely
　　D． she was friendly
　　2．Why did Stingy lend her money to Jenny?
　　A． Because Jenny lost her money.
　　B． Because Jenny never borrowed money from her.
　　C． Because Stingy had a lot of money in the kitty.
　　D． Because Stingy wanted to be generous with her friend.
　　3．When did Stingy get her loan back?
　　A． The next day.    B． At the last day at school.
　　C． Two months later.    D． About 20 years later.
　　4．What can be the best title?
　　A． Neither a lender or a borrower be.
　　B． Always be a “Stingy”.
　　C． Friends and Money Reunited.
　　D． A loan has to be paid back.
　　The United States of America is mainly an English-speantry. The majority of the population speak English as their native language. Besides, education, social activities, etc. are conducted in English. Across but for the most part, Americans speak one common language. This language is sometimes called American English.
　　However, not everyone in the USA is a native speaker of English. Most immigrants(移民) are speakers of other languages. There are hundreds of communities around the USA where English is not the most commonly used languages. Chinese, Italian, German, Greek, Spanish and French are all spoken in various communities in the USA． Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language after English. It is widely spoken in New York and across the southern part of the country. For speakers of other languages, learning English is important, but teaching people to speak English as a second language was given little attention. Non-English speakers were expected to pick up the language by meeting with others in public. Recently, this has changed.
　　Today, most large public schools and community colleges have ESL(English as a Second Language) programs; American English teachers feel that English students should learn the language the way they will use it. Therefore, ESL programs offer different English lessons to different students. Some programs teach students to communicate in English in public. Other programs teach the kind of English people who will need for their jobs. American ESL instructional methods do not lay emphasis on grammar or translation, but on the importance of communication. The goal is to get the English learners to learn by using the language.
　　5．                     is the most widely used language in most parts of the USA．
　　A． Chinese    B． English
　　C． Spanish    D． French
　　6．In old days, the non-English immigrants                                   .
　　A． paid little attention to learning English
　　B． didn’t have much chance to learn English
　　C． also spoke English as their native language
　　D． never thought learning English was important
　　7．The underlined phrase “pick up” in Para.2 means                       .
　　A． to lift up    B． to recover
　　C． to collect    D． to learn
　　8．What do American ESL programs think is the most important in learning English?
　　A． Learning difficult grammar.
　　B． Doing much translation.
　　C． Finding a good job.
　　D． Using the language.
　　If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like "Shakespeare," "Samuel Johnson," and "Webster," but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English-William the Conqueror.
　　Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon(or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.
　　But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modem English even shows a distinction(区别)between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.
　　When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more "foreign" than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.
　　9．Before 1066, people in Britain mainly spoke                          .
　　A． Welsh and Scotlish    B． Nordic and Germanic
　　C． Anglo-Saxon and Germanic    D． Celtic and Old English
　　10．How did William the Conqueror have a great effect on English?
　　A． By defeating the Saxons.
　　B． By speaking good English.
　　C． By teaching people in Britain to speak English.
　　D． By bringing French to Britain to greatly influence English.
　　11．Why does Americans feel France is less foreign than Germany?
　　A． They know French better than German.