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　　山西省山大附中等晋豫名校2018届高三等第四次调研诊断考试英语试题
　　第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
　　第一节（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
　　A
　　Nearly 19 percent of teachers of color (有色人种教师) left their jobs after the 2014-2015 school year. Some left for personal reasons like taking care of their families. But 50 percent said they left because they were dissatisfied with their employment situation, such as poor working conditions, student discipline problems and large class sizes. Thus, taking immediate measures to improve it is our top priority.
　　For years, researchers have proved the benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools, especially as our public school system has turned to one that is made up mostly of minority students. Teachers of color, who are more likely than their white counterparts to choose to work in racially diverse (多种多样的) schools, offer particular benefits to their students. Graduation rates increase among minority students when they are taught by racially similar educators, research shows. They can also serve as positive role models, and their presence reduces the chance of racial discrimination at school.
　　The Shanker Institute report suggests that the rate of minority teacher hiring is not the whole problem. The problem is what happens after these teachers enter the classroom. These teachers often work in high-poverty rural schools. They are more likely to have less-desirable working conditions.
　　Diversity is a key component to equality and opportunity. Where there’s a diverse teaching workforce, all kids thrive. So solutions must be found at once to turn this trend around. Firstly, schools should develop mentorship programs that support minority teachers once they are in the classroom. Secondly, more money should be spent in improving working conditions in these schools. Of course, school headmasters should also be evaluated on their ability to retain teachers of color.
　　1. Among teachers of color leaving their jobs, half of them quit because       .
　　A. they had to take care of their children
　　B. they had to move to other places
　　C. they eventually found better-paid jobs
　　D. their employment situation was unsatisfactory
　　2. Which of the following is the main idea of the second paragraph?
　　A. The solutions to increasing graduation rates among minority students.
　　B. The benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools.
　　C. The reasons for teachers of color leaving their jobs in many schools.
　　D. The ways to decrease the possibility of racial discrimination at school.
　　3. How did the author feel when writing the passage?
　　A. He felt angry about the government.
　　B. He was satisfied with the present situation.
　　C. He felt it urgent to solve the problem.
　　D. He didn’t care about diverse teaching workforce.
　　【答案】1. D    2. B    3. C
　　【解析】　本文属于社会类。文章讲述了有一部分有色人种老师在2014-2015学年后离职，原因种种。但是50%的人离开是因为他们对就业状况不满意，比如工作条件差，学生纪律问题和班级规模大。因此，立即采取措施改善它是我们的当务之急，因为他们的存在有许多益处。
　　【名师点睛】细节理解型解题策略
　　文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”或“三误一正”。（5）事实排序型。
　　1. Ｄ
　　【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。
　　【答案定位】根据第一段“But 50 percent said they left because they were dissatisfied with their employment situation, such as poor working conditions,” 50%的人说他们离开是因为他们对自己的就业状况不满意，比如工作条件差等
　　【推理关系】题干Among teachers of color leaving their jobs, half of them quit because__ .☞文章内容But 50 percent said they left because they were dissatisfied with their employment situation, such as poor working conditions,”
　　【答案】dissatisfied with their employment situation, such as poor working conditions. 。其中50%对应了上文的half, Be dissatisfied与be  unsatisfactory是同义词，对…不满意。☞D选项 their employment situation was unsatisfactory　
　　2. Ｂ
　　主旨大意题。本段的第一句是中心句“For years, researchers have proved the benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools,” 多年来，研究人员证明了增加有色人种教师在学校中所占的比例有好处。分析本段内容可知增加有色人种老师的好处很好，给学生提供榜样等，故B符合题意。
　　3. Ｃ
　　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“taking immediate measures to improve it is our top priority.”立即采取措施改善它是我们的当务之急。和最后一段“Diversity is a key component to equality and opportunity. Where there’s a diverse teaching workforce, all kids thrive. So solutions must be found at once to turn this trend around.” 多样性是平等和机遇的关键组成部分。哪里有多样化的教学队伍，哪里的孩子就会茁壮成长。因此，必须立即找到解决办法，扭转这一趋势。分析文中所用的词如a key 关键，So solutions must be found at once to turn this trend around必须立即找到解决办法，扭转这一趋势，可推断出作者觉得解决这个问题很紧迫。故选C。