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　　Module 3 Violence of  Nature Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary
　　Ⅰ. 阅读理解
　　A
　　(2016•北京高考)
　　Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
　　Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special, ”she says.
　　On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.
　　When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
　　In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
　　“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me, ”Natalie says, “but I can always choose how I deal with it. ”
　　Natalie’s choice was to help.
　　She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.
　　In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
　　Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway, ”Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before. ”
　　【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。Natalie的家乡Rockaway遭到飓风桑迪的袭击, 受灾严重。看到人们帮助家乡重建, Natalie也积极参与, 创建了一个网站分享求助信息, 她的行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬。
　　1. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found　　　.
　　A. some friends had lost their lives
　　B. her neighborhood was destroyed
　　C. her school had moved to Brooklyn
　　D. the elderly were free from suffering
　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的句子Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. 可知, A项错误; 根据“Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn”可知, 学校没有Module 3 Violence of  Nature Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary
　　Ⅰ. 根据所给的汉语释义或首字母写出单词的正确形式
　　1. Although he is young, he is an __________ (有经验的)architect.
　　2. As a matter of fact, drunken driving is as harmful as __________ (暴力的)crimes to people’s life and safety.
　　3. What __________ (引起)the accident yesterday?
　　4. A sudden storm __________ (发生)when we were having our pleasant voyage in the Yellow River.
　　5. One million and five hundred thousand people died in natural d        
　　between 1980 and 2000.
　　6. He has to give up basketball, for he is only about a __________ height.
　　7. In 1998, the f __________ caused by five days of heavy rain in that area made  233, 000 people homeless.
　　8. People standing under a tree in a thunderstorm are likely to be struck by
　　l __________ .
　　9. Many men were b __________ underground when there was an accident at the mine.
　　10. A stone s __________ the little boy on the head.
　　答案：1. experienced 2. violent
　　3. caused 4. occurred 5. disasters
　　6. average 7. floods 8. lightning
　　9. buried 10. struck
　　Ⅱ. 用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子
　　be buried in　end up　pick up　take off　on average
　　1. Ever since the divorce, she ____________________ her work.
　　2. The ceremony __________ with fireworks.
　　3. The economy is finally beginning to __________ again.
　　4. ____________ , how much can you get every month?
　　5. Could you __________ the feather of the chicken for me?I’d like to have it for lunch.
　　答案：1. has been buried in
　　2. ended up
　　3. pick up
　　4. On average
　　5. take off
　　Ⅲ. 阅读理解
　　A
　　There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.
　　London
　　London’s flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水Module 3 Violence of  Nature Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary
　　课堂10分钟达标
　　Forces other than damaging winds are also at work inside tornadoes. Sometimes, as the wind passes a house, the walls and ceiling burst apart as if a bomb had gone off inside. This explosion(爆炸)is caused by the low air pressure(压力)at the center of a tornado.
　　The pressure at the center of a tornado is usually 13 pounds per square inch. However, inside the house the air pressure is normal, about 15 pounds per square inch. The difference of 2 pounds per square inch between the inside and outside pressure may not seem lich. But suppose a tornado passes over a small building that measures 20 by 10 by 10 feet. On each square inch of the building, there is 2 pounds of pressure from the inside that is not balanced by air pressure outside the building. On the ceiling, that adds up to an unbalanced pressure of 57, 600 pounds. The pressure of the four walls adds up to172, 800 pounds.
　　If windows are open in the building, some of the inside air will rush out through them. This will balance the pressure inside and outside the building. But if the windows are shut tightly, the huge inside pressure may cause the building to burst.
　　Unfortunately, heavy rain often occurs in the storms that later produce tornadoes, so people often shut their windows. This may cause far worse damage later.
　　【语篇概述】本文主要讲述龙卷风除了具有破坏力极大的风之外, 多种力也作用于其内部。
　　Ⅰ. Skim the passage and tell us the main idea.
　　The passage mainly tells us _________________________.
　　答案：the damage when a tornado occurs
　　Ⅱ. Read the passage again and choose the best answers.
　　1. What did the paragraph before this passage most probably discuss?
　　A. Measuring rainfall from a storm.
　　B. The powerful winds of tornadoes.
　　C. The kinds of damage caused by explosions.
　　D. Repairing the damage from tornadoes.
　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章一开始就谈到龙卷风发生时, 内部的低压引起的“爆炸”会造成墙倒屋塌。在此之前很可能谈论的是“爆炸”所引起的各种破坏程度。
　　2. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
　　A. How tornadoes can be prevented.
　　B. When tornadoes usually occur.
　　C. Where tornadoes are formed.
　　D. Why tornadoes cause so much damage.
　　【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章主要是围绕龙卷风造成破坏的原因来展开的。
　　3. What is the difference per square inch between the air pressure inside a building and the air pressure inside a tornado?
　　A. 2 pounds. 　 B. 10 pounds. 　 C. 13 pounds. 　 D. 15 pounds.
　　【解析】选A。数字计算题。根据第二段内容及该段第三句“The difference of 2 pounds per square inch between the inside and outside pressure may not seem lich. ”可知建筑物每平方英寸的气压之差是2磅。
　　4. Why do people shut windows when tornadoes occur?
　　A. Because the wind is strong.
　　B. Because there is heavy rain.
　　C. Because the weather is foggy.