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　　2016学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
　　高三英语试题             2016.12
　　高三英语试卷(听力略）
　　Grammar and vocabulary
　　Section A
　　Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanse one word that best fits each blank.
　　Please mind the silence
　　Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve,
　　means that (21) you’re packed into an enclosed space with hundreds of other people,
　　the morning commute (上下班）can leave you feeling somewhat isolated.
　　One London resident, however, is trying to change this.
　　“You get on the Tube here and ifs completely silent and ifs weird," says Jonathan Dunne, 42,
　　an American living in London, who has, ironically, started (22) worldwide dialogue after
　　giving out badges (黴章）with the slogan “Tube chat?” last month, encouraging commuters in London to get talking to one another. “I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8
　　million, expecting many refusals and most of them (23) (throw) away, but after about 24
　　hours it completely snowballed,” he says.
　　Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign (24) (feature) in media across the world ever
　　since, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the UK, as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances.
　　Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback, not everyone agrees with his
　　sentiment. Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of (25) own, handing out
　　500 badges with the words “Don’t even thint it” on them.
　　“I (26) hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to
　　work,” he told the BBC. Michael Robinson, 24, a student from London, agrees. “Being on the Tube
　　is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and (27) work. It doesn’t
　　need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you,” he says. While London has its seemingly antisocial set of regulations to follow, not everywhere lacks a sense of community.
　　Does Dunne hope that some of this community spirit (28) (mirror) in the UK
　　following his campaign? “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, (29) I
　　don’t, but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to,” he says. “On Monday, Oct 10, the curator (馆长）of the London Transport Museum had me over for tea.”
　　So if you ever end up (30) (use) public transport in the West, why not say hello to the
　　person next to you? Just mare to check for a badge first.
　　Section B
　　Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only
　　A. overtook B. promising C. likelihood D. ridiculous E. shared F. controlled
　　G beliefs H. reasonable I. trend J. tracked K. demonstrated
　　once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
　　The rise in stories describing events that never happened, often involving fake people in fake
　　places, has led to Facebook and Google’s (31) to deal with them. But are we really so easy to
　　fool? According to several studies, the answer is yes: even the most obvious fake news starts to become believable if it’s (32) enough times.
　　In the months running up to the US election there was a swrge(大浪）in fake news. According to an analysis by Craig Silverman, a journalist, during this time the top 20 fake stories in circulation (33) the top 20 stories from 19 mainstream publishers.
　　Paul Horner, a creative publisher of fake news, has said he believes Donald Trump was elected because of him. “My sites were picp by Trump supporters all the time…His followers don’t fact-check anything - they’ll post everything, believe anything,” he told the Washington Post.
　　Silverman previously (34) rumours circulating online in 2014 and found that shares
　　and social interactions around fake news articles dwarfed (使...相形见绌）those of the articles that
　　exposed them. According to Silverman, fake news stories are engineered to appeal to people’s
　　hopes and fears, and aren’t (35) by reality, which gives them the edge in creating shareable
　　content.
　　You might thin’re immune to falling for these lies, but a wealth of research disagrees.
　　Back in the 1940s, researchers found that “the more a rumour is told, the more (36) it
　　sounds”. They suggested this means that a rumour born out of mild suspicion can, by gaining currency, shift public thinking and opinion.
　　This false impression of truth was (37) practically in 1977 when researchers in the US
　　quizzed college students on the actuality of statements that they were told may be true or false. The researchers found that simply repeating the statements at a later date was enough to increase the (38) of the students believing them.
　　Last year, Lisa Fazio at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee and her team found that students become more likely to believe a statement that they st be false if it is repeated.
　　“Our research suggests that false news can and likely does affect people’s (39) . Even if
　　people are conscious that a headline is false, reading it multiple times w