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　　高一延安中学阅读训练20篇
　　A
　　The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
　　For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British  captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
　　However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
　　Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.
　　A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
　　In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
　　Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru w as financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
　　56. What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?
　　A. To seek help for Nauru’s problems.
　　B. To give a warning to other countries
　　C. To show the importance of money
　　D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
　　57. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
　　A. Rich and powerful B. Modern and open
　　C. Peaceful and attractive D. Greedy and aggressive
　　58. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _______.
　　A. soil pollution B. phosphate overmining
　　C. farming activity D. whale hunting
　　59. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem?
　　A. Its leaders misused the money B. It spent too much repairing the island
　　C. Its phosphate mining cost much money D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
　　60. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?
　　A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
　　B. The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.
　　C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans
　　D. The phosphate mines were destroyed
　　B
　　One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used.
　　This was a huge tasrrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave