《Astronomy: the science of the stars》导学案（3份打包）
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Boonit 4 Astronomy 词汇运用导学案
编写人：陈良言 审核人： 杨永久
【课标解读目标】：
学习并掌握本单元所学词汇和短语，学会根据天文、科学、生物等词汇进行分类记忆，以便逐步扩大词汇量
【教学目标】：
1. 扎实掌握重点词汇与名词性从句作主语的用法，提高自己的语言运用能力。
2. 自主学习，合作探究；掌握分析句子成分与概括框架知识的方法。
3. 激情投入，运用所学词汇表达情感并激情投入，体验学习的快乐。
【重点和难点】：四个单词和四个短语的用法
【教学过程】
【巧设导语 激发兴趣】
【基础知识部分】
Key words & phrases
1. they were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other….
① in time: sooner or later; eventually 早晚，迟早
I’ll see him ________. 我早晚会见到他。
If you work harder, you will succeed ___________. 加倍努力，你终将成功。
② in time (for sth. / sb. to do sth. )：not late 及时
She will be back ________ to prepare dinner. 她会及时回来准备晚饭。
We got to Washington _________ the cherry blossoms.
我们及时赶到Washington,看到了樱花开放。
③ time相关短语：
on time _________ in no time ___________
at a time __________ at one time __________
2. They laid eggs too existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.
① lay :产卵，下蛋；摆放
他把书放在桌子上。 He ____his books on the desk.
那只鹅每天下一只金蛋。The goose _______ every day.
注意：思考并写出动词lay. lie的过去式、过去分词、现在分词及汉语意思。
意思 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lay
lie
lie
公鸡撒谎说，桌子上躺着的那个鸡蛋是它下的。
② exist: to appear in the real world; to manage to live 存在，生存
The world _________________________________.
不管你喜欢与否，这个世界照样存在。
One _____________________. 没有空气人不能生存。
There ______ dinosaurs on the earth a long time ago.很久以前地球上生存着恐龙。
注：There exists / stands / lies / lives …句型，表“存在，有”，用法同there be 句型。
3. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important…
① thus: as a result of … 因此，于是
He studied hard, ____________. 他学习努力，因此他得了高分。
______________________ settled. 就这样问题终于解决了。
② in one’s turn 轮流，接着
他们接着也提了一个建议。 They, _________________, made a proposal.
轮到他们时，他们也拒绝了。 They, ____________, refused that.
③ turn相关短语：
When John had a fever, he felt cold and hot by turns.
The children went on the bus in turn.
4. How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that…
puzzle: ① n. difficult question, mystery, riddle 谜，难题
Their reason for doing it is ______________. 他们为什么要做此事我仍不解。
The answer ____________ is very simple. 这个难题的答案倒很简单。
② v. think deeply about 迷惑，为难
What ________ me is how they got there.使我迷惑的是他们是怎么到那儿的。
He listened __________ on his face他带着困惑的表情倾听着。
He felt _______ at the ___________ question.对这个令人迷惑的问题他感到困惑。
5.…because we were trying to escape the pull of the…
pull n. / v. physical force; use force on 拉，拖；牵引力
The tides __________________.朝夕是月球引力作用的结果。
You push and I _______.你来推，我来拉。
注意以下pull短语的含义
The train was just pulling in when we got to the station.
The troops pulled out for home.
The policeman ordered the car to pull over.
6. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around …
cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋
Try and _________, life isn’t that bad.振作些，生活并没有那么糟。
那封信使我感到欣慰。___________________________.
7. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity…
now that:既然
Now that I’m married, I don’t go out at night so much._______________________。
战争结束了商店的食物多了。_____________________________________________.
8. After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy…
get the hang of…熟悉，掌握，理解
Grammar 主语从句
考点一 主语从句的连接词
做一做 划出主语从句并翻译整句话（1—5 ）
1. That he will come to the meeting excites all of us.
2. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.
3. It is not clear whether she likes the present.
4. What surprised me most was that the girl could play so well.
5. How she was successful was still a puzzle.
6. ____________ (他为什么不愿去那儿) is clear.
7. It’s uncertain ______________(这个实验是否值得做).
8. ______________(他赢得了比赛) made us happy.
总结：
连接词 用法
that
whether
who, whom, which, whose, what, when,where, how, why, wh-ever等
考点二 几组易混连接词的区别
1. that / what
做一做：用适当的连词填空。
① __________ he wants is a book.
② ________ light travels in straight line is known to all.
③ ______ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
总结：that ______________________________________
what _____________________________________
2. what / which
做一做 用适当的连词填空。
① ____ Barbara offers to us is honesty and happiness.
② _____ of the boys will do the job is uncertain.
③ _____ team will win the game is not clear.
总结：what ____________________________________
which ___________________________________
3. what / whatever who / whoever
做一做 用适当的连词填空。
① ____ he does has nothing with me.
② ____ he said at the meeting surprised all of us.
③ _____ will win the game is unknown.
④ _____ breaks the law will be punished.
总结: what ____________________________________
whatever __________________________________
who _____________________________________
whoever __________________________________
考点三 it作形式主语时的常见句型
做一做 翻译使句子完整。
① It is certain _____________(他一定会考得很好).
② __________(很明显) she was telling lies.
③ It’s no wonder _____________(他会取得如此大的进步).
④ _________(很遗憾) you missed the film.
⑤ It is said _______________(100多人死于这次事故).
⑥ ________(据要求) the world be finished by May.
⑦ It happened ____________,(昨天晚上他出去了)
⑧ _________(看起来)it is going to rain.
总结： _________________________________________
考点四 主语从句的主谓一致
做一做 用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。
① When and where we will hold the meeting _____(have) not been decided.
② When we’ll hold the meeting and where we’ll hold it ______ (have) not been decided.
③ What we need ________(be) books.
④ What we need ________(be) time.
总结： _______________________________
exercise:
1. ____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate B. The estimate
C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that
2. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which B. Since C. Although D. How
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That
4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.
A. For the reason that he is B. Just because he is
C. The reason of being D. That he is
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds
Boonit4 Astronomy阅读导学案
编写人:陈良言 审核人： 杨永久
【课标解读】
1. 通过阅读不仅训练他们的阅读技能，还要让学生学到一些有关天文的单词和短语
2. 了解旅游天文常识，懂得宇宙中一些常见的天体以及系统。
【教学目标】
1. 透彻理解课文；培养快速阅读、整体理解的能力。
2.自主学习，合作探究；能够流利的复述课文，学会说明文的叙述方法。
3.了解天文常识，热爱生活;并全力以赴，充满激情。
【重难点分析】
1）学生通过阅读课文了解天文常识，对宇宙产生浓厚的兴趣，增强对科学的热爱。
2）学生能够在阅读的过程中对主要的阅读信息进行记录，并能根据这些信息对原文进行复述。
【教学过程】
【巧设导语 激发兴趣】（5分钟）
快速的浏览课文，快速的浏览所预习的题目。
一、Read the passage quickly and finish the exercise: （方法导引：采用扫描式阅读（scanning），进行有选择有目的的阅读。目的是寻找某些资料和信息，对于无关的部分可以忽略。）
1. Listening and reading aloud
Now please listen to the recording and then read the text aloud. Pay attention to how the native speaker is reading along and where the pauses are within each sentence. I will play the tape twice and you shall read aloud twice, too.
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH
a cloud of energetic dust具有能量的尘埃, combine into…合成……,
move around the sun环绕太阳运转, become violent变得激烈,
the solid surface固体表面, explode loudly猛烈爆炸, in time及时，最终,
produce the water vapor产生水蒸汽, make the earth’s atmosphere构成了地球的大气层, cool down冷却, on the surface在表面, be different from…与……不同,
go round the sun环绕太阳运转, disappear from…从……消失,
stay on…存留在……, show one’s quality显现某人的特性,
dissolve harmful gases分解，溶解有害气体, become part of…变成……的一部分, develop life发展生命, grow in the water在水里生长, fill… with…用……来填充……，充满了……, encourage the development of…鼓励……的发展, millions of years later几万年以后, live on land在陆地上生活, live in the sea在海里生存, grow into forests长成森林, produce young生出幼仔, lay eggs下蛋, animals with hands and feet长着手脚的动物, spread all over the earth遍布全世界, develop new methods发展了新的方法, grow food种植, move around迁徙, go by过去，推移, take care of…在意……，照看好……, put…into…把……带入，放入……, prevent…from…防止……做……, escape from… into…从……逃离到……, become hot变热, depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……, solve a problem解决一个问题
【整体感知 情景创设】
Read the passage carefully and analyze its structure. Write down the main idea for each paragraph.
Main Body Paragraph 1: A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe
Paragraph 2: The formation of the earth
Paragraph 3: The importance of water for life
Paragraph 4: The development of plants and animals on the earth
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