此资源为用户分享，在本站免费下载，只限于您用于个人教学研究。

共52题，约6010字。

　　2015—2016学年度上学期高二期初考试
　　英语试题
　　第I卷
　　注意事项：
　　1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
　　2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
　　第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
　　第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　A
　　Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.
　　WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.
　　Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance----like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.
　　"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.
　　Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."
　　1. The text is mainly about             .
　　A. the effect of volcanic ash              B. the health risk of volcanic ash
　　C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash      D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash
　　2. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?
　　A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.
　　B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.
　　C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.
　　D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.
　　3. The underlined word “hysterical” in the last paragraph most probably means _______ .
　　A. amazing               B. practical             C. valuable              D. overstated
　　4. What can we learn from the passage?
　　A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.
　　B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.
　　C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.   
　　D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.
　　B
　　Most people agree that the direct, assertive (过分自信的) American personality is a virtue, but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the U.S, children often argue with their parents, students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to the actions of the government. If the soup has a fly in it or the meat is too tough to chew, the diner can complain to the waiter, if the boss makes a mistake, an employee will politely point it out.
　　Some straight talt the American character must include the admission that Americans have their faults. The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Of course, competition isn’t always bad. As a matter of fact, it promotes excellence by encouraging individuals and businesses to try to do their best. But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to do things that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical, fast, efficient, and fresh. Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that have greater respect for more traditional, leisurely ways of doing things. On the other hand, people from other cultures may dislike the practical, challenging American lifestyle.
　　Despite culture differences, most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues. Americans are generally viewed as friendly, adaptable, energetic, and kindhearted. Most newcomers to the U.S. like Americans, and the feeling is usually mutual. Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new people. In a nation of immigrants, the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long.
　　5. In order to show the respect for older people,,         .
　　A. people from some other cultures will always express their true feeling
　　B. people from some other cultures may sometimes hide their true feeling
　　C. Americans always show their true feelings
　　D. Americans usually argue with them
　　6. Why is the extremely competitive nature considered as one of American faults?
　　A. Because people from other cultures fear competition.
　　B. Because only American people own it.
　　C. Because it will make people forget leisure.
　　D. Because it may sometimes urge people to do something bad.
　　7. It can be inferred from the passage that        .
　　A. American people are more critical of everything than people from other cultures
　　B. the author believes that American character has more faults than virtues
　　C. the author admires American virtues as they are viewed as competitive and anti traditional
　　D. it is difficult for newcomers to get on with Americans
　　8. The passage mainly talt         .
　　A. American virtues  B. American characters 
　　C. American faults   D. American lifestyles
　　C
　　The cars were honking (鸣叫) on the road one morning as I was walking to the park. I walked on and soon found the cause — a little taxi that had got stuck in the middle of the road. There was sweat on the driver's face as he tried to start the engine again and again — nothing happened. "No petrol,"
　　I said to myself and then found myself getting angry. "Why doesn't the fool move his taxi to the side?" I thought, so did all the others who honked and shouted.
　　He got up tiredly, and the passenger in the taxi got out. He was a young man in a white shirt, who watched the driver try to push it to the side. "Stupid guy!" I said. "Can't he lend a helping hand? "