共41张。含配套素材,约2830字。
[高中英语语法专题复习]
倒装句
1、知识详解
2、跟踪练习
3、高考真题
1、知识详解
一、概述
一般情况下,英语句子语序是“主语+ V. +其他…”。这是自然语序。如:
c This is my book. (主语+ V. +表语)
c I like English. (主语+ V. +宾语)
c I like living in this city. (主语+ V. +状语)
但有时基于各种需要,而将谓语全部或部分放在主语的前面,而形成倒装。这种语序叫倒装序,含有此种语序的句子,叫倒装句。如:
c Out went the children. (状语+ V. +主语)
c Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. (状语+ V. +主语)
c May you succeed.
(情态动词+主语+ V. )
c Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. (表语+ V. +主语)
二、倒装的分类
c Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
c Not until the teacher e did he finish his homework.
三、分类详解
(一)完全倒装
1、用在there be结构中。如:
c There is a rumour that a large pany wants to build a factory in your town.
c There are many students in the classroom.
2、用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词+主语(名词)”的句型中,或以out, in up down, away 等副词开头的句子,以表示强调。如:
c Now es your turn.
c Here es the bus.
注意:代词作主语时,主谓序不变。如:
c In he es.
c Here it is.
3、当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装,如:
c From the valley e a frightening sound.
c South of the city lies a big steel factory.
4、用于so, nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前句部分内容,意为“…也如此”;“…也不是这样”。如:
c Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
c He has been to Beijing. So have I.
5、表语置于句首时,倒装结为:
“表语+连系动词+主语”
(1)“形容词+连系动词+主语”
c Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
c Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests were present at the meeting.
(2)“过去分词+连系动词+主语”
c Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese.
c The days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people are gone.
(3)“介词短语+ be +主语”
c Among the speakers was china’s then premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world.
c china’s then premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world was among the speakers.
6、为了保持句子平应衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文紧密衔接时,使用倒装。
c Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.
c They arrived at a farmhouse, in front which sat a small boy.
(二)部分倒装
1、用在疑问句中。如:
c Do you speak English?
2、用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如:
c Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam.
3、用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+ as ( though) ”引导的让状语从句中。如:
c Try as he would, he might fail again.
c Pretty as she is, she is not clever.
注意:
(1)若从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。
c child as she is, she knows a lot.
(2)在用as (though)引导的让步状语从句中,如果主语较长,也可用全部倒装。
Difficult as was the istry homework it was finished in time.
4、用于“no sooner •••than•••,hardly •••when •••和not until ”的句型中(主句部分用部分倒装)。如:
c No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.
5、用于“never, hardly, seldom, scarely, barely, little, often, at no time (决不), not only, not once ”的等含有否定意义的副词或连词在句首的句型中。如:
c Little did he know who the woman was.
6、用于“only 开头”的句型中(only 放在句首修饰副词、介词短语等作状语或状语从句)。如:
c Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.
注意:
如果only 后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装。如:
c Only his secretary knows where he has gone.
7、如果直接后注明引语是什么人说的,且主语是名词时,用倒装语序。否则用自然语序。如:
c “Let’s go.”said the man.
8、用于“so/such…that”句型, so/such置于句首时,要部分倒装:
c So loudly do the students read their lessons that people can hear them out in the street.
9、用于某些表示祝愿的句子中。如:
c Long live the Chinese munist Party.
10、用于“No matter how/However + adj./adv.+主语+ 谓语,+ 主句”结构中。如:
c However/No matter how late it is, she often waits for him.
2、跟踪练习
1.Scarcely _______ asleep _______ a knock at the door awakened him.
A. she had fallen; when
B. she had fallen; than
C. had she fallen; than
D. had she fallen; when
2. finish the task better than the others, I think.
A. Only you can B. Only can you
C. Only do you D. Only you do
3. yesterday, you would have met him .
A. Did you e B. You e
C. If had you e D. Had you e
4. Only when the war was over ________ to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return
B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier
D. the young soldier did return
5. Only in this way ____to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
6. Only one of these books _________.
A.worth is to read B. is worth being read C. worth is of reading D. is worth reading
7. Not until all the fish died in the river___ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize
B. the village realize
Cthe villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
8. Only then _______ what he really meant when he said “You left something here.”
A. did I understand B. I understood
C. understood I D. did understand I
9. ______ can you expect to get a rise.
A. With hard work
B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work
D. Now that he works hard
10. _____ she wondered if she had made a mistake.
A. Not until long afterwards that
B. It was not until long afterwards that
C. Not long until afterwards
D. It was long afterwards until
11. The naughty boy has cried wolf many times. Scarcely ____ him before he says that he is in trouble.
A. anybody believes B.had anybody believes
C. does anybody believe
D.will anybody believe
12. ________ sat down for a rest______ the door bell rang.
A. Hardly I had; when B. Hardly I had; than C. Hardly had I; than D. Hardly had I; when
13. —Were you worried about him last night?
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