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　　准确获取文章事实或细节信息是深入理解文章的基础，是重要的阅读技能。《义务教育英语课程标准》（2011年版）对初中毕业生提出了阅读技能标准，其中就有“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息”的明确要求。获取细节信息能力是中考重点考查的阅读技能之一，在中考阅读题中占较大比重。2014年北京市中考英语试卷有10道考查获取细节信息的阅读题目，占20分；2015年和2016年北京市中考英语试卷都有11道阅读题目考查细节信息，占22分。可见，对于初中毕业生来说，在阅读中获取细节信息能力是最基础、最重要的阅读能力，它在中考中占有很大分值，考生一定要充分重视。此类题目的命题思路是考查考生在文章中获取如人物（who）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（why）、数量多少（how many）、结果（result）等具体事实性信息或对细节信息判断正误的能力，属于阅读中较易题目，但要求考生要足够细心、耐心阅读、仔细甄别选项，这样才能确保正确答题。
　　解答获取细节信息类题目，应首先从问题入手，准确理解题目含义，先明确要查找什么具体信息，如考查时间（when）还是考查原因（why），再带着具体问题阅读文章，在文章中仔细查找所需信息，可边阅读边勾画出需要查找的细节信息，最后再次细读，比对各个选项，选出正确答案。此类题目属于较易题目，不会设置太大障碍，大多可以直接在文章中找到所需信息。此外，保持良好的心态也非常重要。同学们要有信心，相信自己只要认真阅读文章，就一定可以找到线索，查找到答案。
　　Passage 1
　　（2014•北京）Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts.
　　Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people lirselves. Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks lis. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people with long hair.
　　1. From the passage, we know that people prefer sitting by someone who 　　　　.
　　A. is like themselves B. has a sense of humor
　　C. is open-minded D. lives an exciting life
　　A
　　Passage 2
　　（2014•北京）Billy’s favorite color is orange. But he can’t see what orange looks like. Billy is blind.
　　A month after he was born, his mother noticed that his eyes weren’t quite as big as a normal baby’s. “Billy would never be able to see，” the doctor told his mother. After that Billy’s mother began talking to him, describing things she saw. She told him what she was cooking,or what she saw outside the window. She described everything to him.
　　Billy does not only depend on his mother’s descriptions to learn about the world around him. He sees with his ears and his hands, too. He has perfect hearing. When people make phone calls, he can tell the numbers they dial（拨）.
　　1. How did Billy’s mother help him?
　　A. By teaching him how to draw. B. By asking teachers for advice.
　　C. By describing everything to him. D. By sending him to his dream school.
　　C
　　Passage 3
　　（2015•北京）Do you enjoy visiting a museum? Did you ever make a plan before a visit? Every museum must have something that attracts you. And there are many possible ways to enjoy yourself in a museum.
　　If you follow these steps below, you’ll know what is worth seeing and doing, so that you can make the most of your time at the museum.
　　Decide what museum you will visit. There are so many different kinds of museums and you first need to find one that you like. It’s easy for you to choose one and start an enjoyable visit!
　　Do some research online. Every museum now has a website which allows you to loogh the information about it. On the website, you may looch things as:...
　　1. According to the passage, we should first 　　　　.
　　A. do some research online B. make a plan for lunch
　　C. decide on a museum to visit D. choose a friend to go with
　　C
　　Passage 4
　　（2016•北京）Brian was a funny student. He loved watching comedies（喜剧）best and hoped to become a comedy actor one day.
　　When he heard about the talent show to be held at this school, Brian decided to take part in. He had never acted on stage（舞台）before, and he was very excited. But some students laughed at him. “You are not funny but silly，” Ken, one of his classmates, said to his face. “No one will like what you do，” another boy also said to him, loudly.
　　Brian couldn’t understand why they were so unkind to him. For a moment, he thought about giving up the show. But he remembered how much his friends liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he decided to prepare for the show.
　　Brian did a great job at the talent show. Everyone loved his performance, and he won the first prize! His teachers and friends were proud of him. Even so, Ken told Brian that he was not funny, and that he would never be successful. Brian didn’t understand why Ken said so, but he realized that it had nothing to do with him. He confidently continued to work towards his goal.
　　1. Brian decided to prepare for the sh