20160411公开课
111Philosophers_of_Ancient_China.doc
Philosophers of Ancient China.ppt
Philosophers_of_Ancient_China.doc
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　　Ancient China was a palce where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius ( 551BC --- 479BC ) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and oder in society. Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2000 years.
　　Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. Mencius was born in 372BC. His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. He became a student of Confucius’s ideas, and was then given an important position in the government of a state. However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. For many years he travelled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius. He then became an adviser to another ruler. He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly.
　　Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. Born in 476BC, he came from a family which was very poor. He became famous for his unusual clothes and behaviour. Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism. In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius. For example, he considered that government was most important. As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings. Mozi believed that all men were equal. His idea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness. Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. He hated the idea of war. Mozi died in 390BC.
　　Ancient China was a palce where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius ( 551BC --- 479BC ) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and oder in society. Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2000 years.
　　Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. Mencius was born in 372BC. His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. He became a student of Confucius’s ideas, and was then given an important position in the government of a state. However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. For many years he travelled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius. He then became an adviser to another ruler. He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly.
　　Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. Born in 476BC, he came from a family which was very poor. He became famous for his unusual clothes and behaviour. Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism. In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius. For example, he considered that government was most important. As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings. Mozi believed that all men were equal. His idea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness. Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. He hated the idea of war. Mozi died in 39